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Howard E. Rockette,
PhD
Professor
and Chair of Biostatistics
Education
BA, Franklin
and Marshall College
MA, Pennsylvania State University
PhD, Pennsylvania State University
Research Interests
Primary focus of
research has been the development and application of statistical
methods for problems in the areas of clinical trials, occupational
and environmental epidemiology and the evaluation of radiological
imaging systems. Collaborative efforts in clinical trials
have most often been in the areas of colo-rectal cancer and in the
treatment of otitis media in children. Methodological research
has included development of methods to estimate survival or system
reliability. Research in occupational and environmental health
has included estimation of cancer risk for various occupational
groups including coal miners, steelworkers and aluminum reduction
plant workers. Research in the area of radiological imaging
systems has included development of methods to improve the design
and analysis of radiological imaging systems. This has entailed
application and development of methodology in ROC curve analysis.
(Health
Sciences Faculty Research Interests Project)
Past and Current Committees/Editorial Boards
Statistical Consultant
(Associate Editor Status) - Annals of Epidemiology
Statistical Consultant - Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal
Research Advisory Committee Health Effects Institute
Study Section NIOSH - Safety and Occupational Health
Study Section NIEHS - National Institute of Environmental Health Science
President Risk Section - American Statistical Association
Current Research Studies
NIH
ROC Analysis of Imaging Systems Evaluations
Many of the investigations that are now carried out during imaging systems’ evaluations and comparisons include interpretation (reading) studies of normal and abnormal cases that are evaluated using ROC analyses. The purpose of this competing continuation proposal is to develop methodology to apply a well-known statistic to this problem and verify the proposed approach using both simulation and a large set of experimental data.
NIBIB
Assessment of Variance Structure in ROC Studies
This project involves the comprehensive re-analyses of large multi-reader, multi-case, and multi-abnormality studies with the intent to provide useful estimates of variance components under different study conditions.
NIH
Myositis Treatment Trial
This study is a collaborative multi-center international randomized clinical trial designed to examine the efficacy of rituximab in the treatment of inflammatory muscle disorders.
NIH
The Laboratory Effect in Breast Cancer Detection Studies
The primary goal being pursued in this project is to determine and compare the performance levels of observers in the clinical environment with their performance in the laboratory.
NIH
Basic and Clinical Studies of Cystic Fibrosis
The area of Cell and Molecular Biology of CF, directed at studies of CFTR in model systems and human airway cells, is led by Drs. Raymond Frizzell and Joseph Pilewski. The Center emphasizes the translation of basic knowledge into applied therapeutics. The projected funding period should witness the clinical testing of several novel strategies developed with the Center in CF patients.
Cystic Fibrosis Fdn.
Clinical Studies Core
The Clinical Studies/Outcomes Core will perform a vital role in coordinating the clinical research activities of the investigators that have independent research related to cystic fibrosis.
NIH
Comparing Performance Under FROC Paradigm – A Non-Parametric Approach
The overall objective of this project is to improve our understanding of the practical (methodological) and computational (analyses) related issues that we encounter during systems evaluations and comparisons when the observer, a computerized scheme (e.g., CAD), or a combination of both become an integral part of the diagnostic system and the experimental paradigm utilizes FROC type ratings.
NIH
Host Factors in Fungal Allergy and Fibrosis
The goal of the SCCOR program is to translate our basic knowledge in antigen recognition mechanisms of allergy and tolerance, and high throughput genomics and proteomics, to improve our understanding of allergic and fibrotic lung diseases and use this knowledge to design interventions to prevent or meliorate these pathogenic processes. The clinical core will support the two clinical projects by providing expertise in study design, patient recruitment, study execution, data management and data analysis.
Children’s Hospital
Efficacy of Antimicrobials in Young Children with Acute Otitis Media
The primary aim is to evaluate the clinical efficacy at the on-therapy visit (Days 3-5, at least 84 hours after the initial dose of study medication) of amoxicillin-clavulanate versus placebo in children aged 6-30 months diagnosed with acute otitis media.
Selected Publications
STATISTICAL
Song T, Bandos AI, Rockette HE, Gur D. On comparing methods for discriminating between actually negative and actually positive subjects with FROC type data, Medical Physics, 2008, In press.
Bandos AI, Rockette HE, Song T, Gur D. Area under the free-response ROC (FROC) and a related summary index, Biometrics, 2008, in press.
Bandos AI, Rockette HE, Gur D. Exact bootstrap variances of the area under the ROC curve, Communications in Statistics – Theory & Methods, 36(13):2443-2461 (19), 2007.
Zhang Z, Rockette HE. Semi-parametric maximum likelihood for missing covariates in parametric regression, Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, 58:687-706, 2006.
Bandos AI, Rockette HE, Gur D. A permutation test for comparing ROC curves in multi-reader studies, Academic Radiology, 2006, 13(4); 414-420.
Zhang Z, Rockette HE. On maximum likelihood estimation in parametric regression with missing covariates. Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference, 134:206-233, 2005.
Bandos AI, Rockette HE, Gur D. A permutation test sensitive to differences in areas for comparing ROC curves from a paired design. Statistics in Medicine, 24(18), 2005.
Bandos AI, Rockette HE, Gur D. A conditional nonparametric test for comparing two areas under the ROC curves from a paired design. Academic Radiology, 12(3): 291-297, 2005.
Rockette HE, Li W, Brown ML, Britton CA, Towers JT, Gur D. A Statistical test to assess rank order ROC imaging studies. Academic Radiology, 8(1):24-30, 2001.
Obuchowski NA, Rockette HE. Hypothesis testing of diagnostic accuracy for multiple readers and multiple tests: An ANOVA approach with dependent observations. Commun Statistics, 24(2), 285-308, 1995.
Rockette HE. An index for diagnostic accuracy in the multiple disease setting. Academic Radiology, Vol 1, pp 283-286, 1994.
Rockette HE, Arena VC: An Evaluation of the proportionate mortality index in the presence of multiple comparisons. Statistics in Medicine, 6(1):71‑77, 1987.
Klimko LA, Rockette HE, Antle CE, Rademaker FA. Upper bounds for the power of invariant tests for the exponential distribution with Weibull alternatives. Technometrics, August 1975.
Rockette HE, Antle CE, Klimko LA. Maximum likelihood estimation with the Weibull model. J Amer Stat Assn., March 1974.
COLLABORATIVE/APPLIED
Gur D, Bandos AI, Cohen CS, Hakim CM, Hardesty LA, Ganott MA, Perrin RL, Poller WR, Shah R, Sumkin JH, Wallace LP, Rockette HE. The “laboratory” effect: comparing radiologists’ performance and variability during clinical prospective and laboratory mammography interpretations, Radiology, 2008, in press.
Gur D, Bandos AI, Rockette HE. Comparing areas under receiving operating characteristic curves: potential impact of the “last experimentally measured operating point, Radiology, 243(1):12-5, 2008.
Rockette HE, Occupational cohort studies in Encyclopedia of Quantitative Risk Analysis and Assessment, John Wiley & Sons, 2007, Chichester, In press.
Rockette HE. Occupational Biostatistics, Chapter 5 in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Little, Brown and Company, Boston, MA, William N Rom (Eds.), 4th Edition, 2007.
Gur D, Rockette HE, Bandos AI. “Binary” and “non-binary” detection tasks: are current performance measures optimal? Academic Radiology, 14(7):871-876, 2007.
Paradise JL, Feldman HM, Campbell TF, Dollaghan CA, Rockette HE, Pitcairn DL, Smith CG, Colborn K, Bernard BS, Kurs-Lasky M, Janosky JE, Sabo DL, O’Connor RE, Pelham WE. Tympanostomy tubes and developmental outcomes at 9 to 11 years of age, New England Journal of Medicine, 356:248-261, 2007.
Smith CG, Paradise JL, Solo DL, Rockette HE, Kurs-Lasky M, Berard BS, Colborn DK. Tympanometric findings and the probability of middle-ear effusion in 3686 infants and young children, Pediatrics, 2006 118(1);1-13.
Arena VC, Rockette HE. Software. In: Encyclopedia of Biostatistics in Clinical Trials, Second Edition. Armitage P, Colton T. (Eds.) New York, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Volume 7, 5019-5040, 2005.
Paradise JL, Campbell TF, Dollaghan CA, Feldman HM, Bernard BS, Colborn DK, Rockette HE, Janosky JE, Pitcairn DL, Kurs-Lasky M, Sabo DL, Smith CG. Developmental outcomes after early or delayed insertion of tympanostomy tubes. New England Journal of Medicine, 353(6):576-586, 2005.
Gur D, Sumkin JH, Hardesty LA, Clearfield RJ, Cohen CS, Ganott MA, Hakim CM, Harris KM, Poller WR, Shah R, Wallace LP, Rockette HE. Recall and detection rates in screening mammography. Cancer, 100(8): 1590-1594, 2004.
Gur D, Sumkin JH, Rockette HE, Ganott M, Hakim C, Hardesty L, Poller WR, Syah R Wallace L. Changes in breast cancer detection and mammography recall rates after the introduction of a computer-aided detection system. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 96(3): 185-190, 2004.
Rockette HE. Design Consideration for Clinical Studies, Chapter 3 in Evidence Based Otitis Media. B. C. Decker, Inc. (Edited by Richard M. Rosenfeld and Charles D. Bluestone. St. Louis, 2nd Edition, 2003.
Gur D, Rockette HE, Armfield DR, Blachar A, Bogan JK, Brancatelli G, Britton CA, Brown ML, Davis PL, Ferris JV, Fuhrman CR, Golla S, Katyal S, Lamomis JM, McCook B, Thaete FL, Warfel TE. The prevalence effect in a laboratory environment. Radiology, 2003; 228: 10-14.
Hoberman A, Greenberg DP, Paradise JL, Rockette HE, Lave JR, Kearney DH, Colborn DK, Kurs-Lasky M, Haralam MA, Byers CJ, Zoffel LM, Fabian IA, Bernard BS, Kerr JD. Effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine in preventing acute otitis media in young children: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 290(12): 1608-1616, 2003.
Mandel EM, Casselbrant ML, Rockette HE, Fireman P, Kurs-Lasky M, Bluestone CD. Systemic steroid for chronic otitis media with effusion in children. Pediatrics,110(6): 1071-80, 2002.
Rockette HE, Campbell WL, Britton CA, Holbert JM, King JL, Gur D. Empirical assessment of parameters that affect the design of multireader ROC studies. Academic Radiology, Vol 6:723-729,1999.
Casselbrant ML, Mandel EM, Fall PA, Rockette HE, Kurs-Lasky M, Bluestone CD, Ferrell RE. The heritability of otitis media: A twin and triplet study JAMA, 282(22): 2125-2130, Dec 1999.
Wolmark N, Rockette HE, Mamounas E, Jones J, Wieand S, Wickerham L, Bear HD, Atkins JN, Dimitrov NV, Glass AG, Fisher ER, Fisher B. A clinical trial to assess the relative efficacy of 5-FU + leucovorin, 5-FU + Levamisole, and 5-FU + Leucovorin + Levamisole in patients with dukes B and C carcinoma of the colon: Results from NSABP C-04. J Clin Oncol., 17:(11) 3553-3559, Nov 1999.
Rockette HE, Gur D, Campbell WL, Thaete FL. Utilization of meta analysis in the evaluation of imaging systems. Academic Radiology, Vol 1, pp 63-69, 1994.
Rockette HE. What evidence is needed to link lung cancer and second-hand smoke? Chance, 1993, Vol. 6, No. 4: 15-18.
Rockette HE, Gur D and Metz CH. The use of continuous and discrete confidence judgments in receiver operating characteristic studies of diagnostic imaging techniques. Investigative Radiology, 1992, 27:169-172.
Rosenfeld RM and Rockette HE. Biostatistics in otolaryngology journals. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg., 1991, 117: 1172-1176.
Wolmark N, Rockette HE, Wickerham DL, Fisher B, Redmond CK, Fisher ER, Potvin M, Darres RJ, Jones J, Robidoux A, Wexler M, Gordon P, Cruz AB, Horsley S, Nims TA, Thurwell M, Phillips WA, Prager D, Stern HS, Lerner HJ, Frazier TG. Adjuvant therapy of dukes' A, B and C adenocarcinoma of the colon with portal vein 5‑ FU hepatic infusion: preliminary results of NSABP protocol C0‑2. J Clin Oncol., Vol 8, No 9, 1466-1475, Sept. 1990.
Rockette HE, Gur D, Cooperstein LA, Obuchowski NA, King JL, Fuhrman CR, Tabor EK, Metz CE. Effect of two rating formats in multi‑disease ROC study of chest images. Invest Rad., March 1990: Vol. 25, No. 3: 225‑229.
Kohut RI (Chairman), Carney AE, Green DM, Hind SE, Hinojosa R, Levitt H, Miller KD, Mills JH, Rockette HE, Rybak LP, Schwartz IR, Stark RE and Thompson SJ. National Institute of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement on Cochlear Implants, Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, Vol 115: 31‑36, Jan 1989.
Wolmark N, Fisher B, Rockette H, Redmond C, Wickerham D, Fisher E, Jones J, Lerner H, Lawrence W, Prager D, Wexler M, Evans R, and Other NSABP Investigators. Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy or BCG for colon cancer: results from NSABP Protocol C‑01. J Nat Cancer Inst., Vol 80, No. 1, March 2, 1988:30‑36.
Rockette HE, Caplan R: Problems in Analyzing Subgroups of Patients in Randomized Clinical Trials. Presented at "Cancer Clinical Trials: A Critical Appraisal", University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, February 1987. Published in Recent Results Cancer Research, 1988, pg 49‑54.
Rockette HE, Redmond CK: Issues Related to Combining Data from Multiple Randomized Clinical Trials. Presented at "Medical Statistics: Design and Analysis of Clinical Trials, Institute of Mathematics, Oberwolfach, Germany, February 1987. Published in Recent Results Cancer Research, 1988, pg. 99‑104.
Malatack JJ, Schaid DJ, Urbach AH, Gartner JL, Zitelli BJ, Rockette HE, Fischer J, Starzl TE, Iwalsicki S, Shaw BW. Choosing a pediatric recipient for orthotopic liver transplantation. Journal of Pediatrics, 111(4):479‑488, 1987.
Mandel EM, Rockette HE, Bluestone CD, Paradise JL, Nozza RJ. Efficacy of amoxicillin with and without decongestant/antihistamine for otitis media with effusion in children: Results of double‑blind, Randomized Trial. New England Journal of Medicine, 316:432‑437, 1987.
Fisher B, Rockette HE, Fisher ER, Wickerham DL, Redmond C, Brown A. Leukemia in breast cancer patients following adjuvant chemotherapy or post‑operative radiation. The NSABP experience. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 3(12):1640‑1658, 1985.
Rockette HE: Contributed Chapter 3 to 1985 Report to Surgeon General: Smoking Related Cancer and Chronic Lung Disease in the Workplace: Evaluation of Smoking Related Cancers in the Workplace, pp 97-135.
McCarthy JJ, Rockette HE. A comparison of methods to interpret the basal body temperature graph. Fertility and Sterility, Vol 39, No. 5:640‑646, May 1983.
Rockette HE, Arena VC. Mortality studies of aluminum reduction plant workers: Potroom and carbon department. JOM, Vol 25, No. 7:549‑557, 1983.
Rockette HE, Redmond CK, Fisher B, and participating NSABP investigators. Impact of randomized clinical trials on therapy of primary breast cancer: The NSABP overview. Controlled Clinical Trials, 3:209‑225, 1982.
Wong O, Rockette HE, Redmond CK, Heid M. Evaluation of multiple causes of death in occupational mortality studies. J Chronic Diseases, 31:183‑193, 1978.
Rockette HE. Cause specific mortality of coal miners covered by the UMW Health and Retirement Funds. J Occup Med., Vol 19, No. 12, pp 795‑801, December 1977.
Contact Information
310 Parran Hall
130 DeSoto Street
Pittsburgh, PA 15261
Telephone: 412-624-3022
Facsimile: 412-624-2183
Email: herbst@pitt.edu |
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